Endometrial Cancer

Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the endometrium, the inner layer of the uterus in the reproductive system of women. It is also known as uterine cancer and is the second most common type of cancer in women. Endometrial cancer can occur in women at any age, but it usually occurs in the post-menopausal period. Early detection of the disease and appropriate treatment can positively affect the prognosis, so it is important to know the symptoms and risk factors.

1. Endometrial Cancer and Risk Factors

Although the exact cause of endometrial cancer is unknown, certain risk factors may increase the likelihood of developing the disease. The most common risk factor is hormone irregularities and an imbalance between the hormone estrogen and the hormone progesterone. Therefore, conditions such as obesity, diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome can increase the risk of endometrial cancer. Women who reach menopause at a later age, those who have had uterine cancer or breast cancer, and those with a family history of endometrial cancer may also be at higher risk. Endometrial cancer can also occur in women who are being treated for breast cancer with the drug tamoxifen.

2. Endometrial Cancer Symptoms and Treatment

In the early stages, endometrial cancer usually causes significant symptoms. The most common symptoms include vaginal bleeding or spotting, bleeding, especially in the postmenopausal period, pain in the pelvic area, frequent urination, constipation and loss of appetite. When these symptoms are noticed, it is important to contact a healthcare professional to take measures for early detection and treatment. Endometrial cancer can be diagnosed through a variety of methods, including uterine biopsy, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT) scan.

Treatment for endometrial cancer can vary depending on the stage and type of the disease and the general state of health. Surgical intervention is the mainstay of treatment and removal of the uterus (hysterectomy) with removal of surrounding lymph nodes is a common procedure. Surgery can be performed laparoscopically or as an open operation, depending on the stage of the disease. After surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy may also be used in certain patients. Radiotherapy aims to destroy cancer cells by targeting them with high-energy rays. Chemotherapy involves drugs that kill cancer cells or stop their growth. Endometrial cancer treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach, specific to the patient’s condition, and is usually determined in collaboration with oncologists, surgeons and radiotherapists.

In conclusion, endometrial cancer is an important disease affecting women’s health. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can improve the prognosis and chances of recovery. Therefore, consulting a health care professional when you notice symptoms and taking care of your health through regular check-ups can contribute to early detection of serious diseases such as endometrial cancer and a successful treatment process. In addition, knowing the risk factors and making careful lifestyle changes can help reduce the likelihood of developing the disease.